Abstract: Preparing planning of key innovation base is a new function assigned to the Ministry of Science and Technology by the State Council. With analysis of concept and features of the national innovation bases, the article suggests that these bases play important role in building national innovation system, supporting and leading national economic, social and technological development. It also proposes that such bases shall serve the functions like gathering and cultivating talents, providing facilities for scientific research, open services, generating major innovative ideas, and performing the tasks of innovation.