Abstract: Although almost all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China have set the development objective of building innovative province, only a few researches have been conducted in the area. The article defines innovative province as rich in innovative resources, prolific in innovative results, active in enterprise innovation, outstanding in innovative performance and excellent in innovative environment. It also establishes a system of evaluation indicators for measuring innovative province. Based on the results of evaluation, it discusses the progress made in building innovative province, characteristics, and policy significance of the evaluation results.